Where is an epiphrenic diverticulum typically located?

An epiphrenic diverticulum is typically located just above the lower esophageal sphincter. This type of diverticulum is formed due to a weakness in the muscular wall of the esophagus which leads to an outpouching, primarily occurring in the area where the esophagus meets the stomach.

The presence of the lower esophageal sphincter is significant because the pressure changes associated with swallowing and the transition from esophagus to stomach play a crucial role in the development of this diverticulum. The increased pressure during swallowing, combined with impaired esophageal motility, may contribute to the formation of diverticula in this region, making it a common site for epiphrenic diverticula to develop.

Conditions such as achalasia, which cause failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax properly, often lead to the resorting of food and pressure build-up, thereby increasing the likelihood of diverticulum formation just above this sphincter. Understanding this anatomical relationship helps in the recognition and management of esophageal diverticula and related conditions.